It is divided into two city raions. Some of its former names were Yelysavethrad — and Kirovohrad — During the Russo-Turkish War of —74 the fortress was the operational base of the Russian army.
In the town that grew up around the fortress was named Yelysavethrad; it had a population of 4, in and 9, in The town became a county center in New Russia gubernia —83, — , Katerynoslav vicegerency and Voznesensk vicegerency —97 , and Kherson gubernia —28, — Until the First World War it was an important center of trade in grain , wool, lard, flour, timber, cattle, and horses, much of which was exported via Odesa and Mykolaiv.
From to Yelysavethrad was a major garrison city under strict martial law and the center of military settlements in Southern Ukraine. During that time it declined economically.
It experienced growth only after a railway link was established with Odesa , Mykolaiv , Kremenchuk , and Fastiv in the late s and the British-owned Ellworthy agricultural-machinery plant was founded in By the s there were eight such plants; they employed 58 percent of the city's workers. Many flour mills and distilleries were located in the city, and each year it was visited by thousands of migrant workers seeking work during the harvest in Southern Ukraine.
Its population grew from 15, in to 23, in and 61, in despite recurrent fires, river floods, and epidemics. Until the late 19th century public utilities were sorely lacking. There were few elementary schools only 12 in the s ; consequently there was a high illiteracy rate. A waterworks was built only in , an electric tramway in , and a power station in The first newspaper in the city, Elizavetgradskii gorodskoi listok , was published in —6.
The length of the region from north to south is almost km, from west to east - km. The climate of the Kirovohrad region is temperate continental. Winters are mild with frequent thaws. Summers are dry, quite hot, often arid. The average temperature in July is plus 21 degrees Celsius, in January - minus 5. This region has relatively large reserves of brown coal in the area of the city of Oleksandriya, deposits of uranium, iron, nickel ores.
In recent decades, gold deposits have been discovered. There is also a high probability of discovering platinum, diamonds, chromium, and other rare metals. The Kirovohrad region has an agrarian-industrial economy. The largest industries are the food industry, machine building and metalworking, electric power, and the building materials industry. Among the branches of the food industry, the leading role belongs to sugar production.
There are 11 sugar factories in this region. The main crops grown in the region are winter wheat, barley, soybeans, corn, legumes, buckwheat and millet. Tourism in the Kirovohrad region is still poorly developed. But due to its convenient geographical location in the center of Ukraine , a favorable climate, significant recreational potential, a number of unique places of interest, there is a potential for its development.
A significant part of architectural and historical monuments are located in the capital of the region - Kropyvnytskyi. And here are the most interesting natural and artificial sights located in other districts of the region. Museum of Strategic Missile Forces. This unique museum is located near the village of Pobuzke in the former secret missile base.
Here you can see various military equipment, missiles, engines. The most interesting thing is the opportunity to go down to the real command post along the meter underground corridor, from where the launch of nuclear missiles was controlled.
Former Geographical Center of Ukraine. The point of the geographical center of Ukraine was first calculated in This place was marked with a memorable sign in the village of Dobrovelychkivka of Kirovohrad Oblast, about km west of Kropyvnytskyi. After numerous scientific discussions and disputes, on August 24, a granite stela was installed here.
However, in , new studies moved the geographical center of Ukraine to Cherkasy Oblast. Canyon of the Syniukha River near Ternivka is a picturesque place formed by granite rocks. The Syniukha is considered one of the cleanest rivers in Ukraine.
Its length is about kilometers, but only in this place you can see such beautiful landscapes. A granite rock stands above the river, rising 20 meters above the water. Near the canyon, upstream, there is a hydroelectric power station.
Another local attraction is the building of the old water mill of the 19th century. At the confluence of the Syniukha and Yatran rivers, the Kohutovka landscape reserve is located. This is a one of the oldest enterprises of Ukraine, which is specialized on production of different types of sowing machines such as grain, maize, vegetable, cultivators and stack rackers, loaders and its spare parts.
The enterprise produces consumer goods also. The Concern "Lan", which incorporates scientific and production potentials of the region, extends its activity wider. It has mastered the production of combine harvesters.
The JSC "Hydrosila" has the modern highly productive equipment for production of gear pumps and axial piston motors and co-operates with the scientific and technical institutes of Ukraine and countries of CIS. Today the products of the enterprise are exploited in composition of different machines in more than 50 countries of the world. The metallurgical industry is good represented by the unique enterprise — the Svitlovodsk Government-Run Integrated Works of Hard Alloys and Refractory Metals as well as the chemical industry by the JSC "Chysti Metaly", which is specialized on production of semiconductor materials.
They supply home products to the countries of the CIS and foreign countries. The food industry is the highly developed sphere in the region and the meat, oil and fat, milk and grain processing industries prevail in its structure. The Joint-Stock Company "Kirovohrad Poultry Processing Plant" is the leader among the enterprises of meat processing industry of Ukraine providing more than names of products. This is the enterprise with progressive technology of production of sausages and smoked delicacies, which are in great consumer demand in many regions of Ukraine.
The products of the enterprise are known and loved not only in Ukraine but also beyond its boundaries. The economy of Kirovohrad Region gets more social orientation and the production of commodities of public consumption grows by passing ahead rates.
In the structure of commodities of public consumption, produced by the regional enterprises, the food stuffs make The food industry of the region provides the demands of population with such basic food stuffs as sugar, flour, groats, macaroni and confectionary, bread and backing products, butter, products of dairy and meat industry.
In the structure of production of non food stuffs the light industry covers The enterprises of the region produce sewing and stocking-socks wares, soft and corps furniture, complex household appliances, gardening inventory, medical wares, china and glass crockery, chemical detergents and others. The steppe Kirovohrad Region is the large manufacturer of agricultural production and food stuffs.
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